Alternating current is used to provide power to various devices, such as a motor.Alternating current is produced by a generator.
1. A single- phase alternating current.
· 2. The production of alternating current in a generator with a single –loop armature.
Flux lines:
When a conductor cuts through magnatic fluc lines , a voltage induced into the conductor, which causes current to flows is determined by the direction the conductor moves through the magnatic field.
Reversing the direction of the moment reverses the polarity of the voltage and direction current flowes through the wire.
The generator
· North and south pole magnets , which create maganitic flux lines between them.
· A single –loop conductor called the armature.
· Slip rings mounted on the shaft to which each end of the wire is connected.
· Brushes on which the slip rings ride to enabled current to be carried to the circuit that the AC current.
· A sine wave will be used to illustrate how the generator produces the voltage as the armature rotates through the magnatic field.
· The armature conductor moves in the same direction as the flux lines.
· Nothing is induced into the armature conductor because no cutting takes place.
· As the shaft turns: the armature sigments begin cutting through the flux lines.
· A positive voltage is induced into the armature .
· When the shaft has turned 90 degrees: the armature sigments cut the flux lines at a right angle.
· Maximum voltage is produced because the maximum number of flux lines per second is cut.
· The sine wave that maximum positive voltage is produced at 90 degrees.
· As the shaft continues to turn: the positive voltage decreeases becauses the flux lines are no longer cut at a right angle.
· When the armature loop has made a half turn, none of the flux lines are cut and zero volts are induced , as 180 degrees of the sine wave.
· As the loop continues to turn: the conductor segments of the armature cut through the lines in the opposite direction as they did during the first 180 degrees of rotation.
· The voltage induced into the line armature reverses and becames negetive.
· The maximum voltage is induced when the segments of the armature cut through the flux lines at a right angle.
· The peak negetive voltage is produced at 270 degrees of the angle of the rotation and of the sine wave.
· As the shaft continues to trun: the negitive voltage decreases the flux lines are no longer cut at a right.
· When the armature loop has made a full rotation ,none of the flux lines are cut and zero volts are induced , as shown at 360 degrees of the sine wave.
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